{"id":1828,"date":"2008-02-29T15:55:59","date_gmt":"2008-02-29T13:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/staging.sillon38.com\/2008\/02\/29\/sharco-pour-venir-a-bout-de-la-sharka\/"},"modified":"2008-02-29T15:55:59","modified_gmt":"2008-02-29T13:55:59","slug":"sharco-pour-venir-a-bout-de-la-sharka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sillon38.com\/blog\/2008\/02\/29\/sharco-pour-venir-a-bout-de-la-sharka\/","title":{"rendered":"SharCo pour venir \u00e0 bout de la sharka"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n\n
\n

Hier, l’INRA a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 le nouveau programme europ\u00e9en de recherche SharCo, destin\u00e9 \u00e0 lutter contre la sharka, une maladie virale v\u00e9g\u00e9tale grave touchant les pruniers, abricotiers et p\u00eachers. Il est coordonn\u00e9 par l’INRA, sera conduit de 2008 \u00e0 2012 et implique 17 instituts de 12 pays europ\u00e9ens et d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord. Il est dot\u00e9 d’une contribution europ\u00e9enne de 3 millions d’euros pour un budget total de 4 millions d’euros.<\/h2>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
La maladie de la sharka affecte les arbres fruitiers \u00e0 noyaux du genre Prunus<\/em> : p\u00eacher, abricotier, prunier. Cette maladie nomm\u00e9e \u00e9galement \u00ab\u00a0variole du prunier\u00a0\u00bb est apparue en 1915 en Bulgarie et elle est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la plus grave en termes d\u2019impacts \u00e9conomique et agronomique chez ces esp\u00e8ces fruiti\u00e8res. Le virus provoque des anneaux chlorotiques sur feuilles et fruits, une d\u00e9formation des fruits (prunes, abricots, p\u00eaches) et leur chute pr\u00e9coce des arbres. Ces fruits d\u00e9form\u00e9s et pauvres en sucres ne sont pas commercialisables. Actuellement, la lutte contre cette maladie passe essentiellement par la prophylaxie : surveillance r\u00e9guli\u00e8re des vergers et des p\u00e9pini\u00e8res, arrachage imm\u00e9diat des plants contamin\u00e9s, utilisation de mat\u00e9riel de plantation sain ou certifi\u00e9.<\/p>\n

\"sharka-inra.jpg\"<\/p>\n

Le programme europ\u00e9en SharCo<\/strong> (Sharka Containment) vise \u00e0 mettre au point des strat\u00e9gies de lutte int\u00e9gr\u00e9e pour pr\u00e9venir l’extension de cette maladie : d\u00e9tection, \u00e9pid\u00e9miologie, strat\u00e9gies de prospection et de pr\u00e9vention en p\u00e9pini\u00e8res et vergers, cr\u00e9ation de vari\u00e9t\u00e9s r\u00e9sistantes, \u00e9valuation de nouvelles strat\u00e9gies de r\u00e9sistance… L’accent sera mis sur le d\u00e9veloppement de syst\u00e8mes pour d\u00e9tecter, \u00e9valuer et prendre des mesures en cas d’apparition de souches encore inconnues en Europe. L\u2019objectif de ce projet est de mettre en place, au niveau europ\u00e9en, des syst\u00e8mes de gestion du risque pour la maladie de la sharka, en appui aux politiques europ\u00e9ennes et impliquant l\u2019ensemble des acteurs de la fili\u00e8re fruits et de la protection des v\u00e9g\u00e9taux de chaque \u00e9tat membre.<\/p>\n

Pour Fran\u00e7ois Houllier<\/strong>, directeur scientifique \u00ab\u00a0plante et produits du v\u00e9g\u00e9tal\u00a0\u00bb de l\u2019INRA, \u00ab\u00a0cette alliance des chercheurs au niveau international permettra d’augmenter significativement les connaissances sur cette maladie et de construire une strat\u00e9gie de lutte int\u00e9gr\u00e9e qui sera utilisable dans tous les pays<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n

La diffusion des r\u00e9sultats faisant partie des objectifs des programmes europ\u00e9ens, les chercheurs ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00e9vu des publications d’articles dans des journaux \u00e0 comit\u00e9 de lecture, l’organisation d’un symposium en 2011, et l’\u00e9dition d’un rapport en 2012. Des d\u00e9p\u00f4ts de brevets sont envisag\u00e9s en cas d\u2019identification de nouveaux g\u00e8nes de r\u00e9sistance ou de mise au point d’une nouvelle approche biotechnologique conduisant \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance au virus de la sharka.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hier, l’INRA a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 le nouveau programme europ\u00e9en de recherche SharCo, destin\u00e9 \u00e0 lutter contre la sharka, une maladie virale v\u00e9g\u00e9tale grave touchant les pruniers, abricotiers et p\u00eachers. Il est coordonn\u00e9 par l’INRA, sera conduit de 2008 \u00e0 2012 et…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1828","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-arboriculture"],"yoast_head":"\nSharCo pour venir \u00e0 bout de la sharka -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sillon38.com\/blog\/2008\/02\/29\/sharco-pour-venir-a-bout-de-la-sharka\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SharCo pour venir \u00e0 bout de la sharka -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hier, l’INRA a pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 le nouveau programme europ\u00e9en de recherche SharCo, destin\u00e9 \u00e0 lutter contre la sharka, une maladie virale v\u00e9g\u00e9tale grave touchant les pruniers, abricotiers et p\u00eachers. 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