Une session, sur le terrain, ayant comme th\u00e8me principal le choix des essences adapt\u00e9es au repeuplement suite aux coupes rases li\u00e9es\u00a0 aux attaques de scolytes et compte tenu du changement climatique vient de se d\u00e9rouler en for\u00eat de Chartreuse.<\/p>\n
Cette session anim\u00e9e par Sylvain Ougier\u00a0 technicien CRPF et Pierre Basso-de-Marco pr\u00e9sident des sylviculteurs de Chartreuse accompagn\u00e9s d\u2019un ing\u00e9nieur expert, Didier Joud, a rassembl\u00e9 une quinzaine de sylviculteurs sur le terrain.
\nLe niveau de l\u2019approche globale d\u2019un sujet\u00a0 d\u2019actualit\u00e9 f\u00e9d\u00e9rateur a \u00e9t\u00e9 enrichi par les \u00e9changes d\u2019exp\u00e9riences des participants qui, par leur vitalit\u00e9 de d\u00e9bat, ont salu\u00e9 de la meilleure mani\u00e8re l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de telles sessions.<\/p>\n
Une courte synth\u00e8se peut s\u2019\u00e9tablir comme suit :
\nUne fois la pluviom\u00e9trie de la zone d\u00e9finie, les deux param\u00e8tres d\u2019entr\u00e9e de caract\u00e9risation d\u2019une station foresti\u00e8re sont en premier lieu :
\n-L\u2019altitude.
\n-L\u2019orientation g\u00e9ographique du versant.
\nLes deux param\u00e8tres pond\u00e9rateurs \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer en deuxi\u00e8me phase d\u2019analyse sont :
\n-La pente\u00a0 moyenne ou ses ruptures si elles sont marqu\u00e9es.
\n-l\u2019analyse physico-chimique du sol<\/p>\n
C\u2019est gr\u00e2ce au niveau\u00a0 exceptionnel des pr\u00e9cipitations annuelles et r\u00e9currentes de l\u2019ordre de 1800mm.\/an sur le versant nord ouest du massif de Chartreuse\u00a0 que\u00a0 les \u00ab essences d\u2019altitude \u00bb sapins et \u00e9pic\u00e9as- recommand\u00e9es pour la fourchette\u00a0\u00a0 700m. \u00e0 1200m. Selon l\u2019exposition des versants-ont bien r\u00e9sist\u00e9 \u00e0 des altitudes plus basses en l\u2019absence d\u2019accident climatique .Si la s\u00e8cheresse de 1976 a eu un impact limit\u00e9- les populations ont sans doute puis\u00e9 dans leur r\u00e9serve- celle de 2003 a \u00e9t\u00e9 fatale \u00e0 de nombreux peuplements de r\u00e9sineux\u00a0 dont l\u2019implantation \u00e9tait dans la tranche 500m.-800m. d\u2019altitude.<\/p>\n
La pente moyenne de la station permet d\u2019\u00e9valuer le drainage du sous-sol ou l\u2019absence de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration due \u00e0 un fort ruissellement.<\/p>\n
L\u2019analyse du sol \u2013\u00e9paisseur du terreau produit de d\u00e9composition des mati\u00e8res carbon\u00e9es-et l\u2019\u00e9valuation du sous sol en densit\u00e9 , granulom\u00e9trie et nature, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 si possible, une profondeur de 80 cm \u00e0 1 m. constitue un compl\u00e9ment d\u2019analyse pertinent.
\nOn retiendra que sapins et \u00e9pic\u00e9as ont leurs domaines de pr\u00e9dilection non inf\u00e9rieurs \u00e0 700 M\u00a0 si versant nord 800m. Si versant\u00a0 ouest
\n900-1000m si orient\u00e9s Sud ..<\/p>\n
Le Douglas essence venue des USA tr\u00e8s pris\u00e9e pour ses qualit\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques en charpente peut, lui, s\u2019adapter \u00e0 des altitudes plus faibles pourvu que le sol ne soit pas trop argileux et dense du type \u00ab molasse \u00bb .
\nA d\u00e9faut, les feuillus du type \u00e9rable-sycomore, \u00e9rable-plane, noyer hybride voire fr\u00eane peuvent \u00eatre adapt\u00e9s aux altitudes de 400m \u00e0 650m.
\nLe peuplier aime l\u2019eau pourvu qu\u2019elle soit drain\u00e9e.
\nPour la protection des feuillus contre les cervid\u00e9s le m\u00eame type de protection que celui utilis\u00e9 pour les r\u00e9sineux est absolument imp\u00e9ratif.<\/p>\n
Au-del\u00e0 de ce m\u00e9moire tr\u00e8s\u00a0 synth\u00e9tique une fiche\u00a0 d\u2019approche m\u00e9thodologique pour caract\u00e9riser une station foresti\u00e8re sera diffus\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019attention des adh\u00e9rents au groupement.<\/p>\n
Le CRPF, les groupements\u00a0 de sylviculteurs,\u2026 des hommes au service de la for\u00eat.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Une session, sur le terrain, ayant comme th\u00e8me principal le choix des essences adapt\u00e9es au repeuplement suite aux coupes rases li\u00e9es\u00a0 aux attaques de scolytes et compte tenu du changement climatique vient de se d\u00e9rouler en for\u00eat de Chartreuse. Cette…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-foret-de-chartreuse"],"yoast_head":"\n
Bien choisir les essences\u2026 -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sillon38.com\/blog\/2008\/10\/01\/bien-choisir-les-essences\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bien choisir les essences\u2026 -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Une session, sur le terrain, ayant comme th\u00e8me principal le choix des essences adapt\u00e9es au repeuplement suite aux coupes rases li\u00e9es\u00a0 aux attaques de scolytes et compte tenu du changement climatique vient de se d\u00e9rouler en for\u00eat de Chartreuse. 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