{"id":68968,"date":"2017-04-27T17:59:04","date_gmt":"2017-04-27T15:59:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/staging.sillon38.com\/?p=68968"},"modified":"2017-04-27T17:59:04","modified_gmt":"2017-04-27T15:59:04","slug":"le-buis-francais-menace-de-disparition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sillon38.com\/blog\/2017\/04\/27\/le-buis-francais-menace-de-disparition\/","title":{"rendered":"Le buis fran\u00e7ais menac\u00e9 de disparition"},"content":{"rendered":"

Utilis\u00e9 depuis de nombreux si\u00e8cles pour d\u00e9corer nos jardins \u00e0 la fran\u00e7aise, le buis est un \u00e9l\u00e9ment incontournable de notre patrimoine. Aujourd\u2019hui pourtant le buis risque de disparaitre. En cause, les attaques r\u00e9currentes de deux bio-agresseurs : la pyrale du buis et le champignon Cylindrocladium buxicola. <\/span><\/p>\n

Une situation tr\u00e8s pr\u00e9occupante qui concerne aussi bien les buis de nos espaces verts que les buis sauvages. Alors que l\u2019alerte est maximale en ce d\u00e9but de printemps, le Comit\u00e9 parlementaire de suivi du risque ambroisie et autres esp\u00e8ces invasives a sonn\u00e9 la mobilisation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale \u00e0 l\u2019occasion d\u2019une visite dans les ch\u00e2teaux de Vertrieu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Difficile d\u2019imaginer le ch\u00e2teau de Versailles ou de Vaux-le-Vicomte sans leurs somptueux buis qui ornementent leurs jardins. L\u2019enjeu d\u00e9passe largement le cas des jardins. Les buis morts entrainent des risques d\u2019affaissement de terrain ou encore d\u2019incendie. <\/span><\/p>\n

Des solutions imm\u00e9diates et efficaces sont donc indispensables pour lutter contre les attaques r\u00e9currentes et de grande ampleur de ces bio-agresseurs. Conscients des enjeux, l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e nationale et le S\u00e9nat ont adopt\u00e9 en f\u00e9vrier dernier un amendement l\u00e9gislatif afin d\u2019\u00e9tablir une d\u00e9rogation \u00e0 la loi Labb\u00e9, modifi\u00e9e en 2015, qui interdit l\u2019utilisation de fongicides chimiques. <\/span><\/p>\n

Cet amendement donne la possibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 titre d\u00e9rogatoire, aux collectivit\u00e9s territoriales et aux gestionnaires de domaines appartenant \u00e0 l’\u00c9tat, d’utiliser des produits phytopharmaceutiques classiques, notamment les fongicides triazoles, lorsque la survie d’une esp\u00e8ce v\u00e9g\u00e9tale d’int\u00e9r\u00eat patrimonial ou biologique est en jeu et qu’aucune solution alternative n’existe. C\u2019est le cas pour le buis.<\/span><\/p>\n

Des chenilles voraces<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Entr\u00e9e sur le territoire fran\u00e7ais en 2008, la pyrale du buis est un papillon de nuit venu de l\u2019est de l\u2019Asie dont les chenilles se nourrissent des feuilles de buis. Les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts sont consid\u00e9rables et peuvent aller jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la d\u00e9foliation totale de la plante. Consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme une esp\u00e8ce invasive, la pyrale du buis a rapidement colonis\u00e9 le territoire : en 2014, pas moins de 71 d\u00e9partements \u00e9taient concern\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n

Alors que les premi\u00e8res chenilles sortent d\u2019hibernation, la vigilance doit \u00eatre maximale. Pour limiter le risque, un panel de mesures pr\u00e9ventives et curatives peut \u00eatre mis en oeuvre. Destruction des cocons, mise en place de pi\u00e8ges \u00e0 ph\u00e9romones, application, si n\u00e9cessaire, d\u2019un insecticide homologu\u00e9 microbiologique ou chimique, etc\u2026 ces mesures reposent sur une observation minutieuse tout au long de l\u2019ann\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n

Un champignon destructeur<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

A l\u2019origine de la \u00ab maladie du d\u00e9p\u00e9rissement \u00bb, le champignon Cylindrocladium buxicola est responsable de d\u00e9g\u00e2ts tr\u00e8s s\u00e9v\u00e8res depuis 2006. Tr\u00e8s r\u00e9sistant, ce champignon est redoutable et peut survivre cinq ans dans les d\u00e9bris organiques et tissus v\u00e9g\u00e9taux tomb\u00e9s au sol. Cependant, des solutions existent.<\/span><\/p>\n

Respect d\u2019une bonne hygi\u00e8ne, arrosage ad\u00e9quat, traitement fongicide triazole, etc\u2026 ces mesures pr\u00e9ventives et curatives permettent de maitriser la maladie dans le cadre d\u2019un programme de lutte efficace et continu. Un enjeu clef d\u2019autant plus que les plantes infect\u00e9es peuvent totalement se r\u00e9tablir dans le cas d\u2019un traitement ad\u00e9quat.<\/span><\/p>\n

Avec des cons\u00e9quences \u00e9conomiques (co\u00fbt de la lutte, du remplacement, etc.) et \u00e9cologiques (risque d\u2019incendie accru en for\u00eat, d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre de la biodiversit\u00e9, etc.), ces attaques de bio-agresseurs ont \u00e9galement un fort impact esth\u00e9tique et patrimonial. La mobilisation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale est indispensable.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Attaques r\u00e9currentes de la pyrale du buis et des maladies fongiques.<\/p>\n

Une mobilisation g\u00e9n\u00e9rale est indispensable<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[1198,3260,3336],"class_list":["post-68968","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-a-la-une","tag-chateaux-de-vertrieu","tag-la-pyrale-du-buis","tag-le-buis-francais"],"yoast_head":"\nLe buis fran\u00e7ais menac\u00e9 de disparition -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sillon38.com\/blog\/2017\/04\/27\/le-buis-francais-menace-de-disparition\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le buis fran\u00e7ais menac\u00e9 de disparition -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Attaques r\u00e9currentes de la pyrale du buis et des maladies fongiques. 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